File : exp_util.ads


   1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   2 --                                                                          --
   3 --                         GNAT COMPILER COMPONENTS                         --
   4 --                                                                          --
   5 --                             E X P _ U T I L                              --
   6 --                                                                          --
   7 --                                 S p e c                                  --
   8 --                                                                          --
   9 --          Copyright (C) 1992-2016, Free Software Foundation, Inc.         --
  10 --                                                                          --
  11 -- GNAT is free software;  you can  redistribute it  and/or modify it under --
  12 -- terms of the  GNU General Public License as published  by the Free Soft- --
  13 -- ware  Foundation;  either version 3,  or (at your option) any later ver- --
  14 -- sion.  GNAT is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITH- --
  15 -- OUT ANY WARRANTY;  without even the  implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY --
  16 -- or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License --
  17 -- for  more details.  You should have  received  a copy of the GNU General --
  18 -- Public License  distributed with GNAT; see file COPYING3.  If not, go to --
  19 -- http://www.gnu.org/licenses for a complete copy of the license.          --
  20 --                                                                          --
  21 -- GNAT was originally developed  by the GNAT team at  New York University. --
  22 -- Extensive contributions were provided by Ada Core Technologies Inc.      --
  23 --                                                                          --
  24 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  25 
  26 --  Package containing utility procedures used throughout the expander
  27 
  28 with Exp_Tss; use Exp_Tss;
  29 with Namet;   use Namet;
  30 with Rtsfind; use Rtsfind;
  31 with Sinfo;   use Sinfo;
  32 with Types;   use Types;
  33 with Uintp;   use Uintp;
  34 
  35 package Exp_Util is
  36 
  37    -----------------------------------------------
  38    -- Handling of Actions Associated with Nodes --
  39    -----------------------------------------------
  40 
  41    --  The evaluation of certain expression nodes involves the elaboration
  42    --  of associated types and other declarations, and the execution of
  43    --  statement sequences. Expansion routines generating such actions must
  44    --  find an appropriate place in the tree to hang the actions so that
  45    --  they will be evaluated at the appropriate point.
  46 
  47    --  Some cases are simple:
  48 
  49    --    For an expression occurring in a simple statement that is in a list
  50    --    of statements, the actions are simply inserted into the list before
  51    --    the associated statement.
  52 
  53    --    For an expression occurring in a declaration (declarations always
  54    --    appear in lists), the actions are similarly inserted into the list
  55    --    just before the associated declaration.
  56 
  57    --  The following special cases arise:
  58 
  59    --    For actions associated with the right operand of a short circuit
  60    --    form, the actions are first stored in the short circuit form node
  61    --    in the Actions field. The expansion of these forms subsequently
  62    --    expands the short circuit forms into if statements which can then
  63    --    be moved as described above.
  64 
  65    --    For actions appearing in the Condition expression of a while loop,
  66    --    or an elsif clause, the actions are similarly temporarily stored in
  67    --    in the node (N_Elsif_Part or N_Iteration_Scheme) associated with
  68    --    the expression using the Condition_Actions field. Subsequently, the
  69    --    expansion of these nodes rewrites the control structures involved to
  70    --    reposition the actions in normal statement sequence.
  71 
  72    --    For actions appearing in the then or else expression of a conditional
  73    --    expression, these actions are similarly placed in the node, using the
  74    --    Then_Actions or Else_Actions field as appropriate. Once again the
  75    --    expansion of the N_If_Expression node rewrites the node so that the
  76    --    actions can be positioned normally.
  77 
  78    --    For actions coming from expansion of the expression in an expression
  79    --    with actions node, the action is appended to the list of actions.
  80 
  81    --  Basically what we do is to climb up to the tree looking for the
  82    --  proper insertion point, as described by one of the above cases,
  83    --  and then insert the appropriate action or actions.
  84 
  85    --  Note if more than one insert call is made specifying the same
  86    --  Assoc_Node, then the actions are elaborated in the order of the
  87    --  calls, and this guarantee is preserved for the special cases above.
  88 
  89    procedure Insert_Action
  90      (Assoc_Node : Node_Id;
  91       Ins_Action : Node_Id);
  92    --  Insert the action Ins_Action at the appropriate point as described
  93    --  above. The action is analyzed using the default checks after it is
  94    --  inserted. Assoc_Node is the node with which the action is associated.
  95 
  96    procedure Insert_Action
  97      (Assoc_Node : Node_Id;
  98       Ins_Action : Node_Id;
  99       Suppress   : Check_Id);
 100    --  Insert the action Ins_Action at the appropriate point as described
 101    --  above. The action is analyzed using the default checks as modified
 102    --  by the given Suppress argument after it is inserted. Assoc_Node is
 103    --  the node with which the action is associated.
 104 
 105    procedure Insert_Actions
 106      (Assoc_Node  : Node_Id;
 107       Ins_Actions : List_Id);
 108    --  Insert the list of action Ins_Actions at the appropriate point as
 109    --  described above. The actions are analyzed using the default checks
 110    --  after they are inserted. Assoc_Node is the node with which the actions
 111    --  are associated. Ins_Actions may be No_List, in which case the call has
 112    --  no effect.
 113 
 114    procedure Insert_Actions
 115      (Assoc_Node  : Node_Id;
 116       Ins_Actions : List_Id;
 117       Suppress    : Check_Id);
 118    --  Insert the list of action Ins_Actions at the appropriate point as
 119    --  described above. The actions are analyzed using the default checks
 120    --  as modified by the given Suppress argument after they are inserted.
 121    --  Assoc_Node is the node with which the actions are associated.
 122    --  Ins_Actions may be No_List, in which case the call has no effect.
 123 
 124    procedure Insert_Action_After
 125      (Assoc_Node : Node_Id;
 126       Ins_Action : Node_Id);
 127    --  Assoc_Node must be a node in a list. Same as Insert_Action but the
 128    --  action will be inserted after N in a manner that is compatible with
 129    --  the transient scope mechanism.
 130    --
 131    --  Note: If several successive calls to Insert_Action_After are made for
 132    --  the same node, they will each in turn be inserted just after the node.
 133    --  This means they will end up being executed in reverse order. Use the
 134    --  call to Insert_Actions_After to insert a list of actions to be executed
 135    --  in the sequence in which they are given in the list.
 136 
 137    procedure Insert_Actions_After
 138      (Assoc_Node  : Node_Id;
 139       Ins_Actions : List_Id);
 140    --  Assoc_Node must be a node in a list. Same as Insert_Actions but
 141    --  actions will be inserted after N in a manner that is compatible with
 142    --  the transient scope mechanism. This procedure must be used instead
 143    --  of Insert_List_After if Assoc_Node may be in a transient scope.
 144    --
 145    --  Implementation limitation: Assoc_Node must be a statement. We can
 146    --  generalize to expressions if there is a need but this is tricky to
 147    --  implement because of short-circuits (among other things).???
 148 
 149    procedure Insert_Declaration (N : Node_Id; Decl : Node_Id);
 150    --  N must be a subexpression (Nkind in N_Subexpr). This is similar to
 151    --  Insert_Action (N, Decl), but inserts Decl outside the expression in
 152    --  which N appears. This is called Insert_Declaration because the intended
 153    --  use is for declarations that have no associated code. We can't go
 154    --  moving other kinds of things out of the current expression, since they
 155    --  could be executed conditionally (e.g. right operand of short circuit,
 156    --  or THEN/ELSE of if expression). This is currently used only in
 157    --  Modify_Tree_For_C mode, where it is needed because in C we have no
 158    --  way of having declarations within an expression (a really annoying
 159    --  limitation).
 160 
 161    procedure Insert_Library_Level_Action (N : Node_Id);
 162    --  This procedure inserts and analyzes the node N as an action at the
 163    --  library level for the current unit (i.e. it is attached to the
 164    --  Actions field of the N_Compilation_Aux node for the main unit).
 165 
 166    procedure Insert_Library_Level_Actions (L : List_Id);
 167    --  Similar, but inserts a list of actions
 168 
 169    -----------------------
 170    -- Other Subprograms --
 171    -----------------------
 172 
 173    procedure Activate_Atomic_Synchronization (N : Node_Id);
 174    --  N is a node for which atomic synchronization may be required (it is
 175    --  either an identifier, expanded name, or selected/indexed component or
 176    --  an explicit dereference). The caller has checked the basic conditions
 177    --  (atomic variable appearing and Atomic_Sync not disabled). This function
 178    --  checks if atomic synchronization is required and if so sets the flag
 179    --  and if appropriate generates a warning (in -gnatw.n mode).
 180 
 181    procedure Adjust_Condition (N : Node_Id);
 182    --  The node N is an expression whose root-type is Boolean, and which
 183    --  represents a boolean value used as a condition (i.e. a True/False
 184    --  value). This routine handles the case of C and Fortran convention
 185    --  boolean types, which have zero/non-zero semantics rather than the normal
 186    --  0/1 semantics, and also the case of an enumeration rep clause that
 187    --  specifies a non-standard representation. On return, node N always has
 188    --  the type Standard.Boolean, with a value that is a standard Boolean
 189    --  values of 0/1 for False/True. This procedure is used in two situations.
 190    --  First, the processing for a condition field always calls
 191    --  Adjust_Condition, so that the boolean value presented to the backend is
 192    --  a standard value. Second, for the code for boolean operations such as
 193    --  AND, Adjust_Condition is called on both operands, and then the operation
 194    --  is done in the domain of Standard_Boolean, then Adjust_Result_Type is
 195    --  called on the result to possibly reset the original type. This procedure
 196    --  also takes care of validity checking if Validity_Checks = Tests.
 197 
 198    procedure Adjust_Result_Type (N : Node_Id; T : Entity_Id);
 199    --  The processing of boolean operations like AND uses the procedure
 200    --  Adjust_Condition so that it can operate on Standard.Boolean, which is
 201    --  the only boolean type on which the backend needs to be able to implement
 202    --  such operators. This means that the result is also of type
 203    --  Standard.Boolean. In general the type must be reset back to the original
 204    --  type to get proper semantics, and that is the purpose of this procedure.
 205    --  N is the node (of type Standard.Boolean), and T is the desired type. As
 206    --  an optimization, this procedure leaves the type as Standard.Boolean in
 207    --  contexts where this is permissible (in particular for Condition fields,
 208    --  and for operands of other logical operations higher up the tree). The
 209    --  call to this procedure is completely ignored if the argument N is not of
 210    --  type Boolean.
 211 
 212    procedure Append_Freeze_Action (T : Entity_Id; N : Node_Id);
 213    --  Add a new freeze action for the given type. The freeze action is
 214    --  attached to the freeze node for the type. Actions will be elaborated in
 215    --  the order in which they are added. Note that the added node is not
 216    --  analyzed. The analyze call is found in Exp_Ch13.Expand_N_Freeze_Entity.
 217 
 218    procedure Append_Freeze_Actions (T : Entity_Id; L : List_Id);
 219    --  Adds the given list of freeze actions (declarations or statements) for
 220    --  the given type. The freeze actions are attached to the freeze node for
 221    --  the type. Actions will be elaborated in the order in which they are
 222    --  added, and the actions within the list will be elaborated in list order.
 223    --  Note that the added nodes are not analyzed. The analyze call is found in
 224    --  Exp_Ch13.Expand_N_Freeze_Entity.
 225 
 226    procedure Build_Allocate_Deallocate_Proc
 227      (N           : Node_Id;
 228       Is_Allocate : Boolean);
 229    --  Create a custom Allocate/Deallocate to be associated with an allocation
 230    --  or deallocation:
 231    --
 232    --    1) controlled objects
 233    --    2) class-wide objects
 234    --    3) any kind of object on a subpool
 235    --
 236    --  N must be an allocator or the declaration of a temporary variable which
 237    --  represents the expression of the original allocator node, otherwise N
 238    --  must be a free statement. If flag Is_Allocate is set, the generated
 239    --  routine is allocate, deallocate otherwise.
 240 
 241    procedure Build_Procedure_Form (N : Node_Id);
 242    --  Create a procedure declaration which emulates the behavior of a function
 243    --  that returns an array type, for C-compatible generation.
 244 
 245    function Build_Runtime_Call (Loc : Source_Ptr; RE : RE_Id) return Node_Id;
 246    --  Build an N_Procedure_Call_Statement calling the given runtime entity.
 247    --  The call has no parameters. The first argument provides the location
 248    --  information for the tree and for error messages. The call node is not
 249    --  analyzed on return, the caller is responsible for analyzing it.
 250 
 251    function Build_SS_Mark_Call
 252      (Loc  : Source_Ptr;
 253       Mark : Entity_Id) return Node_Id;
 254    --  Build a call to routine System.Secondary_Stack.Mark. Mark denotes the
 255    --  entity of the secondary stack mark.
 256 
 257    function Build_SS_Release_Call
 258      (Loc  : Source_Ptr;
 259       Mark : Entity_Id) return Node_Id;
 260    --  Build a call to routine System.Secondary_Stack.Release. Mark denotes the
 261    --  entity of the secondary stack mark.
 262 
 263    function Build_Task_Image_Decls
 264      (Loc          : Source_Ptr;
 265       Id_Ref       : Node_Id;
 266       A_Type       : Entity_Id;
 267       In_Init_Proc : Boolean := False) return List_Id;
 268    --  Build declaration for a variable that holds an identifying string to be
 269    --  used as a task name. Id_Ref is an identifier if the task is a variable,
 270    --  and a selected or indexed component if the task is component of an
 271    --  object. If it is an indexed component, A_Type is the corresponding array
 272    --  type. Its index types are used to build the string as an image of the
 273    --  index values. For composite types, the result includes two declarations:
 274    --  one for a generated function that computes the image without using
 275    --  concatenation, and one for the variable that holds the result.
 276    --
 277    --  If In_Init_Proc is true, the call is part of the initialization of
 278    --  a component of a composite type, and the enclosing initialization
 279    --  procedure must be flagged as using the secondary stack. If In_Init_Proc
 280    --  is false, the call is for a stand-alone object, and the generated
 281    --  function itself must do its own cleanups.
 282 
 283    procedure Check_Float_Op_Overflow (N : Node_Id);
 284    --  Called where we could have a floating-point binary operator where we
 285    --  must check for infinities if we are operating in Check_Float_Overflow
 286    --  mode. Note that we don't need to worry about unary operator cases,
 287    --  since for floating-point, abs, unary "-", and unary "+" can never
 288    --  case overflow.
 289 
 290    function Component_May_Be_Bit_Aligned (Comp : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
 291    --  This function is in charge of detecting record components that may
 292    --  cause trouble in the back end if an attempt is made to assign the
 293    --  component. The back end can handle such assignments with no problem if
 294    --  the components involved are small (64-bits or less) records or scalar
 295    --  items (including bit-packed arrays represented with modular types) or
 296    --  are both aligned on a byte boundary (starting on a byte boundary, and
 297    --  occupying an integral number of bytes).
 298    --
 299    --  However, problems arise for records larger than 64 bits, or for arrays
 300    --  (other than bit-packed arrays represented with a modular type) if the
 301    --  component starts on a non-byte boundary, or does not occupy an integral
 302    --  number of bytes (i.e. there are some bits possibly shared with fields
 303    --  at the start or beginning of the component). The back end cannot handle
 304    --  loading and storing such components in a single operation.
 305    --
 306    --  This function is used to detect the troublesome situation. it is
 307    --  conservative in the sense that it produces True unless it knows for
 308    --  sure that the component is safe (as outlined in the first paragraph
 309    --  above). The code generation for record and array assignment checks for
 310    --  trouble using this function, and if so the assignment is generated
 311    --  component-wise, which the back end is required to handle correctly.
 312    --
 313    --  Note that in GNAT 3, the back end will reject such components anyway,
 314    --  so the hard work in checking for this case is wasted in GNAT 3, but
 315    --  it is harmless, so it is easier to do it in all cases, rather than
 316    --  conditionalize it in GNAT 5 or beyond.
 317 
 318    function Containing_Package_With_Ext_Axioms
 319      (E : Entity_Id) return Entity_Id;
 320    --  Returns the package entity with an external axiomatization containing E,
 321    --  if any, or Empty if none.
 322 
 323    procedure Convert_To_Actual_Subtype (Exp : Node_Id);
 324    --  The Etype of an expression is the nominal type of the expression,
 325    --  not the actual subtype. Often these are the same, but not always.
 326    --  For example, a reference to a formal of unconstrained type has the
 327    --  unconstrained type as its Etype, but the actual subtype is obtained by
 328    --  applying the actual bounds. This routine is given an expression, Exp,
 329    --  and (if necessary), replaces it using Rewrite, with a conversion to
 330    --  the actual subtype, building the actual subtype if necessary. If the
 331    --  expression is already of the requested type, then it is unchanged.
 332 
 333    function Corresponding_Runtime_Package (Typ : Entity_Id) return RTU_Id;
 334    --  Return the id of the runtime package that will provide support for
 335    --  concurrent type Typ. Currently only protected types are supported,
 336    --  and the returned value is one of the following:
 337    --    System_Tasking_Protected_Objects
 338    --    System_Tasking_Protected_Objects_Entries
 339    --    System_Tasking_Protected_Objects_Single_Entry
 340 
 341    function Current_Sem_Unit_Declarations return List_Id;
 342    --  Return the place where it is fine to insert declarations for the
 343    --  current semantic unit. If the unit is a package body, return the
 344    --  visible declarations of the corresponding spec. For RCI stubs, this
 345    --  is necessary because the point at which they are generated may not
 346    --  be the earliest point at which they are used.
 347 
 348    function Duplicate_Subexpr
 349      (Exp          : Node_Id;
 350       Name_Req     : Boolean := False;
 351       Renaming_Req : Boolean := False) return Node_Id;
 352    --  Given the node for a subexpression, this function makes a logical copy
 353    --  of the subexpression, and returns it. This is intended for use when the
 354    --  expansion of an expression needs to repeat part of it. For example,
 355    --  replacing a**2 by a*a requires two references to a which may be a
 356    --  complex subexpression. Duplicate_Subexpr guarantees not to duplicate
 357    --  side effects. If necessary, it generates actions to save the expression
 358    --  value in a temporary, inserting these actions into the tree using
 359    --  Insert_Actions with Exp as the insertion location. The original
 360    --  expression and the returned result then become references to this saved
 361    --  value. Exp must be analyzed on entry. On return, Exp is analyzed, but
 362    --  the caller is responsible for analyzing the returned copy after it is
 363    --  attached to the tree.
 364    --
 365    --  The Name_Req flag is set to ensure that the result is suitable for use
 366    --  in a context requiring a name (for example, the prefix of an attribute
 367    --  reference) (can't this just be a qualification in Ada 2012???).
 368    --
 369    --  The Renaming_Req flag is set to produce an object renaming declaration
 370    --  rather than an object declaration. This is valid only if the expression
 371    --  Exp designates a renamable object. This is used for example in the case
 372    --  of an unchecked deallocation, to make sure the object gets set to null.
 373    --
 374    --  Note that if there are any run time checks in Exp, these same checks
 375    --  will be duplicated in the returned duplicated expression. The two
 376    --  following functions allow this behavior to be modified.
 377 
 378    function Duplicate_Subexpr_No_Checks
 379      (Exp           : Node_Id;
 380       Name_Req      : Boolean   := False;
 381       Renaming_Req  : Boolean   := False;
 382       Related_Id    : Entity_Id := Empty;
 383       Is_Low_Bound  : Boolean   := False;
 384       Is_High_Bound : Boolean   := False) return Node_Id;
 385    --  Identical in effect to Duplicate_Subexpr, except that Remove_Checks is
 386    --  called on the result, so that the duplicated expression does not include
 387    --  checks. This is appropriate for use when Exp, the original expression is
 388    --  unconditionally elaborated before the duplicated expression, so that
 389    --  there is no need to repeat any checks.
 390    --
 391    --  Related_Id denotes the entity of the context where Expr appears. Flags
 392    --  Is_Low_Bound and Is_High_Bound specify whether the expression to check
 393    --  is the low or the high bound of a range. These three optional arguments
 394    --  signal Remove_Side_Effects to create an external symbol of the form
 395    --  Chars (Related_Id)_FIRST/_LAST. For suggested use of these parameters
 396    --  see the warning in the body of Sem_Ch3.Process_Range_Expr_In_Decl.
 397 
 398    function Duplicate_Subexpr_Move_Checks
 399      (Exp          : Node_Id;
 400       Name_Req     : Boolean := False;
 401       Renaming_Req : Boolean := False) return Node_Id;
 402    --  Identical in effect to Duplicate_Subexpr, except that Remove_Checks is
 403    --  called on Exp after the duplication is complete, so that the original
 404    --  expression does not include checks. In this case the result returned
 405    --  (the duplicated expression) will retain the original checks. This is
 406    --  appropriate for use when the duplicated expression is sure to be
 407    --  elaborated before the original expression Exp, so that there is no need
 408    --  to repeat the checks.
 409 
 410    procedure Ensure_Defined (Typ : Entity_Id; N : Node_Id);
 411    --  This procedure ensures that type referenced by Typ is defined. For the
 412    --  case of a type other than an Itype, nothing needs to be done, since
 413    --  all such types have declaration nodes. For Itypes, an N_Itype_Reference
 414    --  node is generated and inserted as an action on node N. This is typically
 415    --  used to ensure that an Itype is properly defined outside a conditional
 416    --  construct when it is referenced in more than one branch.
 417 
 418    function Entry_Names_OK return Boolean;
 419    --  Determine whether it is appropriate to dynamically allocate strings
 420    --  which represent entry [family member] names. These strings are created
 421    --  by the compiler and used by GDB.
 422 
 423    procedure Evaluate_Name (Nam : Node_Id);
 424    --  Remove all side effects from a name which appears as part of an object
 425    --  renaming declaration. More comments are needed here that explain how
 426    --  this differs from Force_Evaluation and Remove_Side_Effects ???
 427 
 428    procedure Evolve_And_Then (Cond : in out Node_Id; Cond1 : Node_Id);
 429    --  Rewrites Cond with the expression: Cond and then Cond1. If Cond is
 430    --  Empty, then simply returns Cond1 (this allows the use of Empty to
 431    --  initialize a series of checks evolved by this routine, with a final
 432    --  result of Empty indicating that no checks were required). The Sloc field
 433    --  of the constructed N_And_Then node is copied from Cond1.
 434 
 435    procedure Evolve_Or_Else (Cond : in out Node_Id; Cond1 : Node_Id);
 436    --  Rewrites Cond with the expression: Cond or else Cond1. If Cond is Empty,
 437    --  then simply returns Cond1 (this allows the use of Empty to initialize a
 438    --  series of checks evolved by this routine, with a final result of Empty
 439    --  indicating that no checks were required). The Sloc field of the
 440    --  constructed N_Or_Else node is copied from Cond1.
 441 
 442    procedure Expand_Static_Predicates_In_Choices (N : Node_Id);
 443    --  N is either a case alternative or a variant. The Discrete_Choices field
 444    --  of N points to a list of choices. If any of these choices is the name
 445    --  of a (statically) predicated subtype, then it is rewritten as the series
 446    --  of choices that correspond to the values allowed for the subtype.
 447 
 448    procedure Expand_Subtype_From_Expr
 449      (N             : Node_Id;
 450       Unc_Type      : Entity_Id;
 451       Subtype_Indic : Node_Id;
 452       Exp           : Node_Id;
 453       Related_Id    : Entity_Id := Empty);
 454    --  Build a constrained subtype from the initial value in object
 455    --  declarations and/or allocations when the type is indefinite (including
 456    --  class-wide). Set Related_Id to request an external name for the subtype
 457    --  rather than an internal temporary.
 458 
 459    function Finalize_Address (Typ : Entity_Id) return Entity_Id;
 460    --  Locate TSS primitive Finalize_Address in type Typ. Return Empty if the
 461    --  subprogram is not available.
 462 
 463    function Find_Interface_ADT
 464      (T     : Entity_Id;
 465       Iface : Entity_Id) return Elmt_Id;
 466    --  Ada 2005 (AI-251): Given a type T implementing the interface Iface,
 467    --  return the element of Access_Disp_Table containing the tag of the
 468    --  interface.
 469 
 470    function Find_Interface_Tag
 471      (T     : Entity_Id;
 472       Iface : Entity_Id) return Entity_Id;
 473    --  Ada 2005 (AI-251): Given a type T implementing the interface Iface,
 474    --  return the record component containing the tag of Iface.
 475 
 476    function Find_Prim_Op (T : Entity_Id; Name : Name_Id) return Entity_Id;
 477    --  Find the first primitive operation of a tagged type T with name Name.
 478    --  This function allows the use of a primitive operation which is not
 479    --  directly visible. If T is a class wide type, then the reference is to an
 480    --  operation of the corresponding root type. It is an error if no primitive
 481    --  operation with the given name is found.
 482 
 483    function Find_Prim_Op
 484      (T    : Entity_Id;
 485       Name : TSS_Name_Type) return Entity_Id;
 486    --  Find the first primitive operation of type T whose name has the form
 487    --  indicated by the name parameter (i.e. is a type support subprogram
 488    --  with the indicated suffix). This function allows use of a primitive
 489    --  operation which is not directly visible. If T is a class wide type,
 490    --  then the reference is to an operation of the corresponding root type.
 491 
 492    function Find_Optional_Prim_Op
 493      (T : Entity_Id; Name : Name_Id) return Entity_Id;
 494    function Find_Optional_Prim_Op
 495      (T    : Entity_Id;
 496       Name : TSS_Name_Type) return Entity_Id;
 497    --  Same as Find_Prim_Op, except returns Empty if not found
 498 
 499    function Find_Protection_Object (Scop : Entity_Id) return Entity_Id;
 500    --  Traverse the scope stack starting from Scop and look for an entry, entry
 501    --  family, or a subprogram that has a Protection_Object and return it. Must
 502    --  always return a value since the context in which this routine is invoked
 503    --  should always have a protection object.
 504 
 505    function Find_Protection_Type (Conc_Typ : Entity_Id) return Entity_Id;
 506    --  Given a protected type or its corresponding record, find the type of
 507    --  field _object.
 508 
 509    function Find_Hook_Context (N : Node_Id) return Node_Id;
 510    --  Determine a suitable node on which to attach actions related to N that
 511    --  need to be elaborated unconditionally. In general this is the topmost
 512    --  expression of which N is a subexpression, which in turn may or may not
 513    --  be evaluated, for example if N is the right operand of a short circuit
 514    --  operator.
 515 
 516    function Following_Address_Clause (D : Node_Id) return Node_Id;
 517    --  D is the node for an object declaration. This function searches the
 518    --  current declarative part to look for an address clause for the object
 519    --  being declared, and returns the clause if one is found, returns
 520    --  Empty otherwise.
 521    --
 522    --  Note: this function can be costly and must be invoked with special care.
 523    --  Possibly we could introduce a flag at parse time indicating the presence
 524    --  of an address clause to speed this up???
 525    --
 526    --  Note: currently this function does not scan the private part, that seems
 527    --  like a potential bug ???
 528 
 529    type Force_Evaluation_Mode is (Relaxed, Strict);
 530 
 531    procedure Force_Evaluation
 532      (Exp           : Node_Id;
 533       Name_Req      : Boolean   := False;
 534       Related_Id    : Entity_Id := Empty;
 535       Is_Low_Bound  : Boolean   := False;
 536       Is_High_Bound : Boolean   := False;
 537       Mode          : Force_Evaluation_Mode := Relaxed);
 538    --  Force the evaluation of the expression right away. Similar behavior
 539    --  to Remove_Side_Effects when Variable_Ref is set to TRUE. That is to
 540    --  say, it removes the side effects and captures the values of the
 541    --  variables. Remove_Side_Effects guarantees that multiple evaluations
 542    --  of the same expression won't generate multiple side effects, whereas
 543    --  Force_Evaluation further guarantees that all evaluations will yield
 544    --  the same result. If Mode is Relaxed then calls to this subprogram have
 545    --  no effect if Exp is side-effect free; if Mode is Strict and Exp is not
 546    --  a static expression then no side-effect check is performed on Exp and
 547    --  temporaries are unconditionally generated.
 548    --
 549    --  Related_Id denotes the entity of the context where Expr appears. Flags
 550    --  Is_Low_Bound and Is_High_Bound specify whether the expression to check
 551    --  is the low or the high bound of a range. These three optional arguments
 552    --  signal Remove_Side_Effects to create an external symbol of the form
 553    --  Chars (Related_Id)_FIRST/_LAST. If Related_Id is set, then exactly one
 554    --  of the Is_xxx_Bound flags must be set. For use of these parameters see
 555    --  the warning in the body of Sem_Ch3.Process_Range_Expr_In_Decl.
 556 
 557    function Fully_Qualified_Name_String
 558      (E          : Entity_Id;
 559       Append_NUL : Boolean := True) return String_Id;
 560    --  Generates the string literal corresponding to the fully qualified name
 561    --  of entity E, in all upper case, with an ASCII.NUL appended at the end
 562    --  of the name if Append_NUL is True.
 563 
 564    procedure Generate_Poll_Call (N : Node_Id);
 565    --  If polling is active, then a call to the Poll routine is built,
 566    --  and then inserted before the given node N and analyzed.
 567 
 568    procedure Get_Current_Value_Condition
 569      (Var : Node_Id;
 570       Op  : out Node_Kind;
 571       Val : out Node_Id);
 572    --  This routine processes the Current_Value field of the variable Var. If
 573    --  the Current_Value field is null or if it represents a known value, then
 574    --  on return Cond is set to N_Empty, and Val is set to Empty.
 575    --
 576    --  The other case is when Current_Value points to an N_If_Statement or an
 577    --  N_Elsif_Part or a N_Iteration_Scheme node (see description in Einfo for
 578    --  exact details). In this case, Get_Current_Condition digs out the
 579    --  condition, and then checks if the condition is known false, known true,
 580    --  or not known at all. In the first two cases, Get_Current_Condition will
 581    --  return with Op set to the appropriate conditional operator (inverted if
 582    --  the condition is known false), and Val set to the constant value. If the
 583    --  condition is not known, then Op and Val are set for the empty case
 584    --  (N_Empty and Empty).
 585    --
 586    --  The check for whether the condition is true/false unknown depends
 587    --  on the case:
 588    --
 589    --     For an IF, the condition is known true in the THEN part, known false
 590    --     in any ELSIF or ELSE part, and not known outside the IF statement in
 591    --     question.
 592    --
 593    --     For an ELSIF, the condition is known true in the ELSIF part, known
 594    --     FALSE in any subsequent ELSIF, or ELSE part, and not known before the
 595    --     ELSIF, or after the end of the IF statement.
 596    --
 597    --  The caller can use this result to determine the value (for the case of
 598    --  N_Op_Eq), or to determine the result of some other test in other cases
 599    --  (e.g. no access check required if N_Op_Ne Null).
 600 
 601    function Get_Stream_Size (E : Entity_Id) return Uint;
 602    --  Return the stream size value of the subtype E
 603 
 604    function Has_Access_Constraint (E : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
 605    --  Given object or type E, determine if a discriminant is of an access type
 606 
 607    function Has_Annotate_Pragma_For_External_Axiomatization
 608      (E : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
 609    --  Returns whether E is a package entity, for which the initial list of
 610    --  pragmas at the start of the package declaration contains
 611    --    pragma Annotate (GNATprove, External_Axiomatization);
 612 
 613    function Homonym_Number (Subp : Entity_Id) return Nat;
 614    --  Here subp is the entity for a subprogram. This routine returns the
 615    --  homonym number used to disambiguate overloaded subprograms in the same
 616    --  scope (the number is used as part of constructed names to make sure that
 617    --  they are unique). The number is the ordinal position on the Homonym
 618    --  chain, counting only entries in the current scope. If an entity is not
 619    --  overloaded, the returned number will be one.
 620 
 621    function Inside_Init_Proc return Boolean;
 622    --  Returns True if current scope is within an init proc
 623 
 624    function In_Library_Level_Package_Body (Id : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
 625    --  Given an arbitrary entity, determine whether it appears at the library
 626    --  level of a package body.
 627 
 628    function In_Unconditional_Context (Node : Node_Id) return Boolean;
 629    --  Node is the node for a statement or a component of a statement. This
 630    --  function determines if the statement appears in a context that is
 631    --  unconditionally executed, i.e. it is not within a loop or a conditional
 632    --  or a case statement etc.
 633 
 634    function Is_All_Null_Statements (L : List_Id) return Boolean;
 635    --  Return True if all the items of the list are N_Null_Statement nodes.
 636    --  False otherwise. True for an empty list. It is an error to call this
 637    --  routine with No_List as the argument.
 638 
 639    function Is_Displacement_Of_Object_Or_Function_Result
 640      (Obj_Id : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
 641    --  Determine whether Obj_Id is a source entity that has been initialized by
 642    --  either a controlled function call or the assignment of another source
 643    --  object. In both cases the initialization expression is rewritten as a
 644    --  class-wide conversion of Ada.Tags.Displace.
 645 
 646    function Is_Finalizable_Transient
 647      (Decl     : Node_Id;
 648       Rel_Node : Node_Id) return Boolean;
 649    --  Determine whether declaration Decl denotes a controlled transient which
 650    --  should be finalized. Rel_Node is the related context. Even though some
 651    --  transients are controlled, they may act as renamings of other objects or
 652    --  function calls.
 653 
 654    function Is_Fully_Repped_Tagged_Type (T : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
 655    --  Tests given type T, and returns True if T is a non-discriminated tagged
 656    --  type which has a record representation clause that specifies the layout
 657    --  of all the components, including recursively components in all parent
 658    --  types. We exclude discriminated types for convenience, it is extremely
 659    --  unlikely that the special processing associated with the use of this
 660    --  routine is useful for the case of a discriminated type, and testing for
 661    --  component overlap would be a pain.
 662 
 663    function Is_Library_Level_Tagged_Type (Typ : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
 664    --  Return True if Typ is a library level tagged type. Currently we use
 665    --  this information to build statically allocated dispatch tables.
 666 
 667    function Is_Non_BIP_Func_Call (Expr : Node_Id) return Boolean;
 668    --  Determine whether node Expr denotes a non build-in-place function call
 669 
 670    function Is_Object_Access_BIP_Func_Call
 671       (Expr   : Node_Id;
 672        Obj_Id : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
 673    --  Determine if Expr denotes a build-in-place function which stores its
 674    --  result in the BIPaccess actual parameter whose prefix must match Obj_Id.
 675 
 676    function Is_Possibly_Unaligned_Object (N : Node_Id) return Boolean;
 677    --  Node N is an object reference. This function returns True if it is
 678    --  possible that the object may not be aligned according to the normal
 679    --  default alignment requirement for its type (e.g. if it appears in a
 680    --  packed record, or as part of a component that has a component clause.)
 681 
 682    function Is_Possibly_Unaligned_Slice (N : Node_Id) return Boolean;
 683    --  Determine whether the node P is a slice of an array where the slice
 684    --  result may cause alignment problems because it has an alignment that
 685    --  is not compatible with the type. Return True if so.
 686 
 687    function Is_Ref_To_Bit_Packed_Array (N : Node_Id) return Boolean;
 688    --  Determine whether the node P is a reference to a bit packed array, i.e.
 689    --  whether the designated object is a component of a bit packed array, or a
 690    --  subcomponent of such a component. If so, then all subscripts in P are
 691    --  evaluated with a call to Force_Evaluation, and True is returned.
 692    --  Otherwise False is returned, and P is not affected.
 693 
 694    function Is_Ref_To_Bit_Packed_Slice (N : Node_Id) return Boolean;
 695    --  Determine whether the node P is a reference to a bit packed slice, i.e.
 696    --  whether the designated object is bit packed slice or a component of a
 697    --  bit packed slice. Return True if so.
 698 
 699    function Is_Related_To_Func_Return (Id : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
 700    --  Determine whether object Id is related to an expanded return statement.
 701    --  The case concerned is "return Id.all;".
 702 
 703    function Is_Renamed_Object (N : Node_Id) return Boolean;
 704    --  Returns True if the node N is a renamed object. An expression is
 705    --  considered to be a renamed object if either it is the Name of an object
 706    --  renaming declaration, or is the prefix of a name which is a renamed
 707    --  object. For example, in:
 708    --
 709    --     x : r renames a (1 .. 2) (1);
 710    --
 711    --  We consider that a (1 .. 2) is a renamed object since it is the prefix
 712    --  of the name in the renaming declaration.
 713 
 714    function Is_Secondary_Stack_BIP_Func_Call (Expr : Node_Id) return Boolean;
 715    --  Determine whether Expr denotes a build-in-place function which returns
 716    --  its result on the secondary stack.
 717 
 718    function Is_Tag_To_Class_Wide_Conversion
 719      (Obj_Id : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
 720    --  Determine whether object Obj_Id is the result of a tag-to-class-wide
 721    --  type conversion.
 722 
 723    function Is_Untagged_Derivation (T : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
 724    --  Returns true if type T is not tagged and is a derived type,
 725    --  or is a private type whose completion is such a type.
 726 
 727    function Is_Volatile_Reference (N : Node_Id) return Boolean;
 728    --  Checks if the node N represents a volatile reference, which can be
 729    --  either a direct reference to a variable treated as volatile, or an
 730    --  indexed/selected component where the prefix is treated as volatile,
 731    --  or has Volatile_Components set. A slice of a volatile variable is
 732    --  also volatile.
 733 
 734    procedure Kill_Dead_Code (N : Node_Id; Warn : Boolean := False);
 735    --  N represents a node for a section of code that is known to be dead. Any
 736    --  exception handler references and warning messages relating to this code
 737    --  are removed. If Warn is True, a warning will be output at the start of N
 738    --  indicating the deletion of the code. Note that the tree for the deleted
 739    --  code is left intact so that e.g. cross-reference data is still valid.
 740 
 741    procedure Kill_Dead_Code (L : List_Id; Warn : Boolean := False);
 742    --  Like the above procedure, but applies to every element in the given
 743    --  list. If Warn is True, a warning will be output at the start of N
 744    --  indicating the deletion of the code.
 745 
 746    function Known_Non_Negative (Opnd : Node_Id) return Boolean;
 747    --  Given a node for a subexpression, determines if it represents a value
 748    --  that cannot possibly be negative, and if so returns True. A value of
 749    --  False means that it is not known if the value is positive or negative.
 750 
 751    function Known_Non_Null (N : Node_Id) return Boolean;
 752    --  Given a node N for a subexpression of an access type, determines if
 753    --  this subexpression yields a value that is known at compile time to
 754    --  be non-null and returns True if so. Returns False otherwise. It is
 755    --  an error to call this function if N is not of an access type.
 756 
 757    function Known_Null (N : Node_Id) return Boolean;
 758    --  Given a node N for a subexpression of an access type, determines if this
 759    --  subexpression yields a value that is known at compile time to be null
 760    --  and returns True if so. Returns False otherwise. It is an error to call
 761    --  this function if N is not of an access type.
 762 
 763    function Make_Invariant_Call (Expr : Node_Id) return Node_Id;
 764    --  Expr is an object of a type which Has_Invariants set (and which thus
 765    --  also has an Invariant_Procedure set). If invariants are enabled, this
 766    --  function returns a call to the Invariant procedure passing Expr as the
 767    --  argument, and returns it unanalyzed. If invariants are not enabled,
 768    --  returns a null statement.
 769 
 770    function Make_Predicate_Call
 771      (Typ  : Entity_Id;
 772       Expr : Node_Id;
 773       Mem  : Boolean := False) return Node_Id;
 774    --  Typ is a type with Predicate_Function set. This routine builds a call to
 775    --  this function passing Expr as the argument, and returns it unanalyzed.
 776    --  If Mem is set True, this is the special call for the membership case,
 777    --  and the function called is the Predicate_Function_M if present.
 778 
 779    function Make_Predicate_Check
 780      (Typ  : Entity_Id;
 781       Expr : Node_Id) return Node_Id;
 782    --  Typ is a type with Predicate_Function set. This routine builds a Check
 783    --  pragma whose first argument is Predicate, and the second argument is
 784    --  a call to the predicate function of Typ with Expr as the argument. If
 785    --  Predicate_Check is suppressed then a null statement is returned instead.
 786 
 787    function Make_Subtype_From_Expr
 788      (E          : Node_Id;
 789       Unc_Typ    : Entity_Id;
 790       Related_Id : Entity_Id := Empty) return Node_Id;
 791    --  Returns a subtype indication corresponding to the actual type of an
 792    --  expression E. Unc_Typ is an unconstrained array or record, or a class-
 793    --  wide type. Set Related_Id to request an external name for the subtype
 794    --  rather than an internal temporary.
 795 
 796    function Matching_Standard_Type (Typ : Entity_Id) return Entity_Id;
 797    --  Given a scalar subtype Typ, returns a matching type in standard that
 798    --  has the same object size value. For example, a 16 bit signed type will
 799    --  typically return Standard_Short_Integer. For fixed-point types, this
 800    --  will return integer types of the corresponding size.
 801 
 802    function May_Generate_Large_Temp (Typ : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
 803    --  Determines if the given type, Typ, may require a large temporary of the
 804    --  kind that causes back-end trouble if stack checking is enabled. The
 805    --  result is True only the size of the type is known at compile time and
 806    --  large, where large is defined heuristically by the body of this routine.
 807    --  The purpose of this routine is to help avoid generating troublesome
 808    --  temporaries that interfere with stack checking mechanism. Note that the
 809    --  caller has to check whether stack checking is actually enabled in order
 810    --  to guide the expansion (typically of a function call).
 811 
 812    function Needs_Constant_Address
 813      (Decl : Node_Id;
 814       Typ  : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
 815    --  Check whether the expression in an address clause is restricted to
 816    --  consist of constants, when the object has a nontrivial initialization
 817    --  or is controlled.
 818 
 819    function Needs_Finalization (T : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
 820    --  True if type T is controlled, or has controlled subcomponents. Also
 821    --  True if T is a class-wide type, because some type extension might add
 822    --  controlled subcomponents, except that if pragma Restrictions
 823    --  (No_Finalization) applies, this is False for class-wide types.
 824 
 825    function Non_Limited_Designated_Type (T : Entity_Id) return Entity_Id;
 826    --  An anonymous access type may designate a limited view. Check whether
 827    --  non-limited view is available during expansion, to examine components
 828    --  or other characteristics of the full type.
 829 
 830    function OK_To_Do_Constant_Replacement (E : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
 831    --  This function is used when testing whether or not to replace a reference
 832    --  to entity E by a known constant value. Such replacement must be done
 833    --  only in a scope known to be safe for such replacements. In particular,
 834    --  if we are within a subprogram and the entity E is declared outside the
 835    --  subprogram then we cannot do the replacement, since we do not attempt to
 836    --  trace subprogram call flow. It is also unsafe to replace statically
 837    --  allocated values (since they can be modified outside the scope), and we
 838    --  also inhibit replacement of Volatile or aliased objects since their
 839    --  address might be captured in a way we do not detect. A value of True is
 840    --  returned only if the replacement is safe.
 841 
 842    function Possible_Bit_Aligned_Component (N : Node_Id) return Boolean;
 843    --  This function is used during processing the assignment of a record or
 844    --  indexed component. The argument N is either the left hand or right hand
 845    --  side of an assignment, and this function determines if there is a record
 846    --  component reference where the record may be bit aligned in a manner that
 847    --  causes trouble for the back end (see Component_May_Be_Bit_Aligned for
 848    --  further details).
 849 
 850    function Power_Of_Two (N : Node_Id) return Nat;
 851    --  Determines if N is a known at compile time value which  is of the form
 852    --  2**K, where K is in the range 1 .. M, where the Esize of N is 2**(M+1).
 853    --  If so, returns the value K, otherwise returns zero. The caller checks
 854    --  that N is of an integer type.
 855 
 856    procedure Process_Statements_For_Controlled_Objects (N : Node_Id);
 857    --  N is a node which contains a non-handled statement list. Inspect the
 858    --  statements looking for declarations of controlled objects. If at least
 859    --  one such object is found, wrap the statement list in a block.
 860 
 861    function Remove_Init_Call
 862      (Var        : Entity_Id;
 863       Rep_Clause : Node_Id) return Node_Id;
 864    --  Look for init_proc call or aggregate initialization statements for
 865    --  variable Var, either among declarations between that of Var and a
 866    --  subsequent Rep_Clause applying to Var, or in the list of freeze actions
 867    --  associated with Var, and if found, remove and return that call node.
 868 
 869    procedure Remove_Side_Effects
 870      (Exp                : Node_Id;
 871       Name_Req           : Boolean   := False;
 872       Renaming_Req       : Boolean   := False;
 873       Variable_Ref       : Boolean   := False;
 874       Related_Id         : Entity_Id := Empty;
 875       Is_Low_Bound       : Boolean   := False;
 876       Is_High_Bound      : Boolean   := False;
 877       Check_Side_Effects : Boolean   := True);
 878    --  Given the node for a subexpression, this function replaces the node if
 879    --  necessary by an equivalent subexpression that is guaranteed to be side
 880    --  effect free. This is done by extracting any actions that could cause
 881    --  side effects, and inserting them using Insert_Actions into the tree
 882    --  to which Exp is attached. Exp must be analyzed and resolved before the
 883    --  call and is analyzed and resolved on return. Name_Req may only be set to
 884    --  True if Exp has the form of a name, and the effect is to guarantee that
 885    --  any replacement maintains the form of name. If Renaming_Req is set to
 886    --  True, the routine produces an object renaming reclaration capturing the
 887    --  expression. If Variable_Ref is set to True, a variable is considered as
 888    --  side effect (used in implementing Force_Evaluation). Note: after call to
 889    --  Remove_Side_Effects, it is safe to call New_Copy_Tree to obtain a copy
 890    --  of the resulting expression. If Check_Side_Effects is set to True then
 891    --  no action is performed if Exp is known to be side-effect free.
 892    --
 893    --  Related_Id denotes the entity of the context where Expr appears. Flags
 894    --  Is_Low_Bound and Is_High_Bound specify whether the expression to check
 895    --  is the low or the high bound of a range. These three optional arguments
 896    --  signal Remove_Side_Effects to create an external symbol of the form
 897    --  Chars (Related_Id)_FIRST/_LAST. If Related_Id is set, then exactly one
 898    --  of the Is_xxx_Bound flags must be set. For use of these parameters see
 899    --  the warning in the body of Sem_Ch3.Process_Range_Expr_In_Decl.
 900    --
 901    --  The side effects are captured using one of the following methods:
 902    --
 903    --    1) a constant initialized with the value of the subexpression
 904    --    2) a renaming of the subexpression
 905    --    3) a reference to the subexpression
 906    --
 907    --  For elementary types, methods 1) and 2) are used; for composite types,
 908    --  methods 2) and 3) are used. The renaming (method 2) is used only when
 909    --  the subexpression denotes a name, so that it can be elaborated by gigi
 910    --  without evaluating the subexpression.
 911    --
 912    --  Historical note: the reference (method 3) used to be the common fallback
 913    --  method but it gives rise to aliasing issues if the subexpression denotes
 914    --  a name that is not aliased, since it is equivalent to taking the address
 915    --  in this case. The renaming (method 2) used to be applied to any objects
 916    --  in the RM sense, that is to say to the cases where a renaming is legal
 917    --  in Ada. But for some of these cases, most notably functions calls, the
 918    --  renaming cannot be elaborated without evaluating the subexpression, so
 919    --  gigi would resort to method 1) or 3) under the hood for them.
 920 
 921    function Represented_As_Scalar (T : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
 922    --  Returns True iff the implementation of this type in code generation
 923    --  terms is scalar. This is true for scalars in the Ada sense, and for
 924    --  packed arrays which are represented by a scalar (modular) type.
 925 
 926    function Requires_Cleanup_Actions
 927      (N         : Node_Id;
 928       Lib_Level : Boolean) return Boolean;
 929    --  Given a node N, determine whether its declarative and/or statement list
 930    --  contains one of the following:
 931    --
 932    --    1) controlled objects
 933    --    2) library-level tagged types
 934    --
 935    --  These cases require special actions on scope exit. The flag Lib_Level
 936    --  is set True if the construct is at library level, and False otherwise.
 937 
 938    function Safe_Unchecked_Type_Conversion (Exp : Node_Id) return Boolean;
 939    --  Given the node for an N_Unchecked_Type_Conversion, return True if this
 940    --  is an unchecked conversion that Gigi can handle directly. Otherwise
 941    --  return False if it is one for which the front end must provide a
 942    --  temporary. Note that the node need not be analyzed, and thus the Etype
 943    --  field may not be set, but in that case it must be the case that the
 944    --  Subtype_Mark field of the node is set/analyzed.
 945 
 946    procedure Set_Current_Value_Condition (Cnode : Node_Id);
 947    --  Cnode is N_If_Statement, N_Elsif_Part, or N_Iteration_Scheme (the latter
 948    --  when a WHILE condition is present). This call checks whether Condition
 949    --  (Cnode) has embedded expressions of a form that should result in setting
 950    --  the Current_Value field of one or more entities, and if so sets these
 951    --  fields to point to Cnode.
 952 
 953    procedure Set_Elaboration_Flag (N : Node_Id; Spec_Id : Entity_Id);
 954    --  N is the node for a subprogram or generic body, and Spec_Id is the
 955    --  entity for the corresponding spec. If an elaboration entity is defined,
 956    --  then this procedure generates an assignment statement to set it True,
 957    --  immediately after the body is elaborated. However, no assignment is
 958    --  generated in the case of library level procedures, since the setting of
 959    --  the flag in this case is generated in the binder. We do that so that we
 960    --  can detect cases where this is the only elaboration action that is
 961    --  required.
 962 
 963    procedure Set_Renamed_Subprogram (N : Node_Id; E : Entity_Id);
 964    --  N is an node which is an entity name that represents the name of a
 965    --  renamed subprogram. The node is rewritten to be an identifier that
 966    --  refers directly to the renamed subprogram, given by entity E.
 967 
 968    function Side_Effect_Free
 969      (N            : Node_Id;
 970       Name_Req     : Boolean := False;
 971       Variable_Ref : Boolean := False) return Boolean;
 972    --  Determines if the tree N represents an expression that is known not
 973    --  to have side effects. If this function returns True, then for example
 974    --  a call to Remove_Side_Effects has no effect.
 975    --
 976    --  Name_Req controls the handling of volatile variable references. If
 977    --  Name_Req is False (the normal case), then volatile references are
 978    --  considered to be side effects. If Name_Req is True, then volatility
 979    --  of variables is ignored.
 980    --
 981    --  If Variable_Ref is True, then all variable references are considered to
 982    --  be side effects (regardless of volatility or the setting of Name_Req).
 983 
 984    function Side_Effect_Free
 985      (L            : List_Id;
 986       Name_Req     : Boolean := False;
 987       Variable_Ref : Boolean := False) return Boolean;
 988    --  Determines if all elements of the list L are side-effect free. Name_Req
 989    --  and Variable_Ref are as described above.
 990 
 991    procedure Silly_Boolean_Array_Not_Test (N : Node_Id; T : Entity_Id);
 992    --  N is the node for a boolean array NOT operation, and T is the type of
 993    --  the array. This routine deals with the silly case where the subtype of
 994    --  the boolean array is False..False or True..True, where it is required
 995    --  that a Constraint_Error exception be raised (RM 4.5.6(6)).
 996 
 997    procedure Silly_Boolean_Array_Xor_Test (N : Node_Id; T : Entity_Id);
 998    --  N is the node for a boolean array XOR operation, and T is the type of
 999    --  the array. This routine deals with the silly case where the subtype of
1000    --  the boolean array is True..True, where a raise of a Constraint_Error
1001    --  exception is required (RM 4.5.6(6)).
1002 
1003    function Target_Has_Fixed_Ops
1004      (Left_Typ   : Entity_Id;
1005       Right_Typ  : Entity_Id;
1006       Result_Typ : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
1007    --  Returns True if and only if the target machine has direct support
1008    --  for fixed-by-fixed multiplications and divisions for the given
1009    --  operand and result types. This is called in package Exp_Fixd to
1010    --  determine whether to expand such operations.
1011 
1012    function Type_May_Have_Bit_Aligned_Components
1013      (Typ : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
1014    --  Determines if Typ is a composite type that has within it (looking down
1015    --  recursively at any subcomponents), a record type which has component
1016    --  that may be bit aligned (see Possible_Bit_Aligned_Component). The result
1017    --  is conservative, in that a result of False is decisive. A result of True
1018    --  means that such a component may or may not be present.
1019 
1020    function Within_Case_Or_If_Expression (N : Node_Id) return Boolean;
1021    --  Determine whether arbitrary node N is within a case or an if expression
1022 
1023    function Within_Internal_Subprogram return Boolean;
1024    --  Indicates that some expansion is taking place within the body of a
1025    --  predefined primitive operation. Some expansion activity (e.g. predicate
1026    --  checks) is disabled in such.
1027 
1028 private
1029    pragma Inline (Duplicate_Subexpr);
1030    pragma Inline (Force_Evaluation);
1031    pragma Inline (Is_Library_Level_Tagged_Type);
1032 end Exp_Util;